Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes can be associated with the presence of onconeural antibodies. These antibodies are the result of an immune response against a tumour that is ectopically expressing a neuronal antigen. The ‘classical’ onconeural antibodies (anti-Hu, Yo, Ma2, CRMP-5, amphiphysin and Ri) are directed against intracellular antigens and are strongly associated with underlying malignancy. By contrast, onconeural antibodies directed against cell surface antigens (eg, anti-NMDA, VGKC, AChR) have a weaker tumour association. This article gives a practical overview of the tumour associations, and the neurological associations, of the onconeural antibodies. There is also guidance on how to investigate occult malignancy in antibody positive cases.
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Brain Dev. 2018 Mar 26. pii: S0387-7604(18)30037-8. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2018.02.005. [Epub ahead of print]
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By Silky Pahlajani, MD Assistant Professor of Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Weill Cornell Medical College Dr. Pahlajani reports no financial relationships relevant to this field of study. SYNOPSIS: Detection of autoimmune encephalitis is increasing over time. According to the results from this population-based study, its prevalence and incidence are comparable to infectious encephalitis. SOURCE: Dubey D, Pittock SJ, Kelly CR, et al. Autoimmune encephalitis epidemiology and comparison to infectious encephalitis. Ann Neurol 2018;83:166-177. The traditional diagnostic approach to encephalitis, a broad term for brain . . .
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Absence of cerebrospinal fluid antineuronal antibodies in schizophrenia spectrum disorders – Tatiana Oviedo-Salcedo, Lot de Witte, Tania Kümpfel, René S. Kahn, Peter Falkai, Peter Eichhorn, Jurjen Luykx, Alkomiet Hasan
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Connect with others and listen to talks by professionals working in the field of encephalitis and those directly affected by encephalitis.
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Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the central nervous system. It is a rare autoimmune disease that results in the body producing antibodies against the NMDA receptor, a protein that plays an important role in signal transduction in the brain. Using a new treatment regimen, researchers have recorded significant progress in treating the disease, including in patients who did not previously respond to treatment.
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Although Cotard’s syndrome is most commonly associated with psychiatric diseases, it has also been associated with medical conditions. A 31-year-old nurs
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Author Nick Brenton, MD, discusses his article Approach to the Management of Pediatric-Onset Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate (Anti-NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Series. Second, Dr. Keith van Haren of Stanford discusses his career path and balance of research and clinical medicine.
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Ther Adv Neurol Disord. 2018 Mar 21;11:1756286418761697. doi: 10.1177/1756286418761697. eCollection 2018. Review
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Multiple lines of evidence support the pathogenic role of neuroinflammation in psychiatric illness. While systemic autoimmune diseases are well-documented causes of neuropsychiatric disorders, synaptic autoimmune encephalitides with psychotic symptom
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