Create a free QxMD account to take advantage of the features offered by Read like saving your papers and creating collections. Get Started JOURNAL ARTICLEREVIEW Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalitis and Its Relationship With Infection Qinrui Li, Na Fu, Ying Han, Jiong Qin Pediatric Neurology 2021 April 7, 120: 27-32 Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is an increasingly recognized inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system and is most often characterized by antibodies against intracellular and neuronal surface antigens. AE is a devastating disease that may result in developmental delay or regression in children. However, the pathogenesis of AE is not clear, and immune system disorders after infection likely play an important role in AE. Many studies have reported that patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis develop anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis after antiviral treatment. It is critical to recognize pediatric AE early and to distinguish it from infectious forms because AE is treatable and responsive to immunotherapies. In this review, we discuss the clinical features of pediatric AE and focus on the relationship between AE and postinfection status. In addition, we review the probable mechanisms underlying infection-triggered AE, which include molecular mimicry, bystander activation, epitope spreading, immune system disorder, and genetic susceptibility. Full Text Links We have located links that may give you full text access. Full Text Web Additional links Discussion You are not logged in. Sign Up or Log In to join the discussion. Trending Papers US Case Reports of Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis With Thrombocytopenia After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination, March 2 to April 21, 2021. Isaac See, John R Su, Allison Lale, Emily Jane Woo, Alice Y Guh, Tom T Shimabukuro, Michael B Streiff, Agam K Rao, Allison P Wheeler, Suzanne F Beavers, Anna P Durbin, Kathryn Edwards, Elaine Miller, Theresa A Harrington, Adamma Mba-Jonas, Narayan Nair, Duong T Nguyen, Kawsar R Talaat, Victor C Urrutia, Shannon C Walker, C Buddy Creech, Thomas A Clark, Frank DeStefano, Karen R Broder JAMA 2021 April 30 Preliminary Findings of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine Safety in Pregnant Persons. Tom T Shimabukuro, Shin Y Kim, Tanya R Myers, Pedro L Moro, Titilope Oduyebo, Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Paige L Marquez, Christine K Olson, Ruiling Liu, Karen T Chang, Sascha R Ellington, Veronica K Burkel, Ashley N Smoots, Caitlin J Green, Charles Licata, Bicheng C Zhang, Meghna Alimchandani, Adamma Mba-Jonas, Stacey W Martin, Julianne M Gee, Dana M Meaney-Delman New England Journal of Medicine 2021 April 21 Advances in Clinical Cardiology 2020: A Summary of Key Clinical Trials. Aileen Kearney, Katie Linden, Patrick Savage, Ian B A Menown Advances in Therapy 2021 April 12 Palpitations in the Clinic. Jacob L Ransom, Ka C Wong Circulation 2021 April 20, 143 (16): 1631-1634 Neurologic Assessment of the Neurocritical Care Patient. Shane Musick, Anthony Alberico Frontiers in Neurology 2021, 12: 588989 The Role of Procalcitonin in Antibiotic Decision-Making in Covid-19 Infection. Valeria Fabre, Sara Karaba, Joe Amoah, Matthew Robinson, George Jones, Kathryn Dzintars, Morgan Katz, B Mark Landrum, Sarojini Qasba, Pooja Gupta, Eili Klein, Sara E Cosgrove Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology 2021 April 19, : 1-24 Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction. Shigeo Godo, Akira Suda, Jun Takahashi, Satoshi Yasuda, Hiroaki Shimokawa Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 2021 March 25, : ATVBAHA121316025 Perioperative hypotension 2021: a contrarian view. Teus Kappen, William Scott Beattie British Journal of Anaesthesia 2021 April 23